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　　原标题：通过种族血统的遗传分析来解析特应性疾病的病因
　　过敏性皮炎(AD)、食物过敏、过敏性鼻炎和哮喘是常见的过敏性疾病，病因复杂。从AD早期到哮喘、变应性鼻炎，或在以后的生活中，以及广泛的特应性疾病的并发症中，经常观察到特应性疾病的进行性进展，提示不同疾病除了存在不同的发病机制外，还有共同的病因病机。事实上，特应性疾病中存在疾病特异性基因组区域和共享的基因组区域。它们的患病率也因种族而异；例如，与欧洲裔美国人相比，AD和哮喘在非洲裔美国人中更普遍。还不知道这种差异是源于真正的遗传因素还是种族特有的环境风险因素，还是两者。迄今为止，大多数关于特应性疾病的遗传学研究都使用了欧洲血统的人群，这使得研究结果缺乏普遍性。目前正在使用大规模队列计划和新的分析方法，如混合设计，来解决这一研究的不足。在这里，我们在种族性变异和基于高通量“组学”的系统生物学方法的背景下，讨论独特和共同的遗传风险因素，为解析他们的遗传和非遗传病因提供更深刻的见解。未来的研究还将侧重于不同种族血统、基因环境和基因-基因相互作用的深度表型分型和基因分型。
延伸阅读
JACI
Resolving the etiology of atopic disorders by using genetic analysis of racial ancestry
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.045
Atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and asthma are common atopic disorders of complex etiology. The frequently observed atopic march from early AD to asthma, allergic rhinitis, or both later in life and the extensive comorbidity of atopic disorders suggest common causal mechanisms in addition to distinct ones. Indeed, both disease-specific and shared genomic regions exist for atopic disorders. Their prevalence also varies among races; for example, AD and asthma have a higher prevalence in African Americans when compared with European Americans. Whether this disparity stems from true genetic or race-specific environmental risk factors or both is unknown. Thus far, the majority of the genetic studies on atopic diseases have used populations of European ancestry, limiting their generalizability. Large-cohort initiatives and new analytic methods, such as admixture mapping, are currently being used to address this knowledge gap. Here we discuss the unique and shared genetic risk factors for atopic disorders in the context of ancestry variations and the promise of high-throughput “-omics”–based systems biology approach in providing greater insight to deconstruct their genetic and nongenetic etiologies. Future research will also focus on deep phenotyping and genotyping of diverse racial ancestry, gene-environment, and gene-gene interactions.
All Author:
Jayanta Gupta Elisabet Johansson Jonathan A. Bernstein Ranajit Chakraborty Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey Marc E. Rothenberg Tesfaye B. Mersha
· Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore
　　创建过敏性疾病的科研、科普知识交流平台，为过敏患者提供专业诊断、治疗、预防的共享平台。